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Articles: Armor
Marto's tradition of masterful sword smithing
Brands and Makers
For over 100 years, Espadas y Sables de Toledo, S.L. has been producing bladed weapons under the MARTO and BERMEJO brands using traditional craftsmanship. The company, based in Toledo (Spain), can look back on a rich history of sword…
Ancient Rome Warfare Under Barbarian Influence
After almost a thousand years of existence, the Roman Empire was in decline. The once powerful emperors had become mere statesmen whose position had little importance. Budget deficit started to affect the equipment of the soldiers, who adopted…
Ancient Rome Warfare in Times of Imperial Glory
Our previous article gave us an insight into the arrangement of Roman army during the times of Roman Kingdom and the early Roman Republic.…
Ancient Rome Warfare: From Kingdom to Marius
Some of us today are surprised to learn that Rome, whose borders at one time spread beyond the Mediterranean region, was just one of the many cities of the Apennine Peninsula dependent on agriculture in its early days. And it was ruled by kings.…
Medieval Under-Armour Clothing: What Did Medieval Warriors Wear Under Their Armour?
When the medieval army was summoned, the higher-ranking officials performed the so-called “muster”. This included inspection of the necessary equipment for each warrior. Not only weapons and armour were the subject of scrutiny, but also the…
Medieval Plate Armour Makers: Forgotten Craft, or an Opportunity?
It would seem that the golden age of the makers of plate armour has ended with the emergence of firearms. However, the craft has not completely disappeared. What changes has armour making process undergone since the earliest times? Why are people…
Ancient Greece
This article is dedicated to the military history of Ancient Greece between the 8th and the 5th centuries BC. It was the time of flourishing city-states, with well-equipped and well-trained armies to defend them. Ancient Greek armies can be said to…
Chainmail Armour - Luxury for Knights and the Rich
Chainmail armour is an impressive piece of craftsmanship designed for warriors, providing a high level of protection against all sorts of weapons. Explore the secrets of the manufacturing process of chainmail armour, and find out why it became a…
The Life of the Vikings: From Settlements to Sea Journeys
The harsh Nordic lands were too overpopulated, pushing the Vikings out into the open sea in search for new lands, where they founded new settlements - the British Isles, north-western France and many other places. The descendants of the Vikings…
Viking Weapons and Armour
The first states began to emerge on European territory in uneasy and difficult times. The Iberian Peninsula was dominated by Muslims, and various nomadic tribes poured in from the eastern steppes. As if it weren't enough, the Vikings began invading…
The Evolution of Chainmail Armour
Chainmail armour, or ring armour, was the most widespread and longest-used type of armour throughout history. From Antiquity to the Early Modern Period (or even longer in certain regions), ring armour was widely used by warriors throughout Europe,…
Armour of the Eastern warriors
Are you curious about the types of armour used by Muslim rivals of Christian knights or Russian boyars? Do you want to know what Arab and Oriental armour looked like? Read on to find out!
European Plate Armour from the Renaissance to the Baroque
Learn more about the armour that protected fearless knights across different eras in history - from Renaissance to the Baroque, and find out which countries were their leading manufacturers and innovators! Armour evolved over time and, at a certain…
Historical Evolution of Armour from Antiquity to the High Middle Ages
Are you interested in how armour evolved throughout the ages? Read our article to find out what protective clothing and materials our ancestors wore to battles. Learn which type of armour offered the most effective protection against weapons in…
A Quick Peek into the History of the Mysterious Order of the Knights Templar
Some believe that the order still operates in secret today, others consider it to be history that ended in 1314. The Knights Templar Order is shrouded in many secrets, myths and conjectures. Read on to find out how and why it came into existence and…
Joan of Arc - the Girl Who Saved France and Paid for Her Fame
Joan of Arc heard the prophecies of the saints and fought for her homeland against the English to later face ecclesiastical court. For many, she still symbolises courage, faith and determination. What was her fate like?
The Thirty Years' War Changed Europe Beyond Recognition
The Thirty Years' War could be described as the one of the largest armed conflicts, that spread devastation over much of Europe. It began in 1618 as the culmination of disputes between the Roman Catholic Church and Protestants. Everything was caused…
Change into a Costume and Spend the Day as a Nobleman or a Game Character
As soon as grandma closes the fairy-tale book, we dive into our fantasy world and, for the few last moments before falling asleep, we are roaming through the prairies like a free Indian. From an early age, we learn to imagine and experience someone…
Chastity Belt Was Meant for Protection, but it Became a Tool for Torture
An uncomfortable piece of metal which kept women awake at night. It was a tool protect them from the external danger as well as an anti-temptation device. Mentioning the chastity belt today makes most people giggle nervously or look away. However,…
Rudolf Krutský
Skilful hands of a metal worker - replicas of old weapons are made near Kadaň!
Templars
Only a few orders have raised such enormous interest and intense emotions as the Order of the Templars. Both loved and hated, the Knights Templar had a gold poach in one hand and a sword blessed by the God of Christianity, in another. The primary…
The Greatest Fun in the Middle Ages? Knights on Horses with Lances
Whenever knightly tournaments are mentioned, a festive clash of horse riders marching against each other will surely come to everyone’s mind, just like in fairy tales. However, merry flags, proud knights, jugglers and noble ladies were but a…
Living history – History Coming Alive
Living history (LH) is an activity that seeks to re-enact and present life in the past in the most authentic way possible. It doesn’t have to be a re-enactment of a certain historical battle. Living history attempts to show ordinary, day-to-day life…
The Lord of the Rings Never Stops to Surprise. Middle-earth Exists!
Are you a Lord of the Rings fan? Do you know the Lord of the Rings replicas and always keep coming back to watch the films again? Before you sit down and watch yet another movie marathon while eating freshly popped popcorn, let us have a look at a…
Cold Weapons of Renaissance
Humanism was a revival of classical antiquity and the era of education and science. Renaissance was a turning point that still fascinates people across all continents. The Renaissance Period began in the 14th century in Florence, Italy. Not only did…
Become Wizard, Knight or an Elf Warrior. Play LARP!
It is 4 P.M. A girl suddenly becomes a troll hunter with a mission to stop evil queen from destroying the world. She walks quietly through the forest wearing a horse-rider outfit and a quiver with arrows on her back. When the story is over, she puts…
Even Caesar Was Afraid of Them. What Were the Celts Really Like?
A group of half-naked barbarians with swords and axes against the formation of Caesar’s soldiers. The barbarians seem eager to fight, without a sign of fear in their eyes. They let out a piercing war cry and surge forward, crashing into the Roman…
Lorica segmentata
Roman soldiers of the imperial era were known for wearing protective armours which consisted of several steel segments fastened usually with leather straps and therefore they called it Lorica segmentata – segmented cuirass. Provided excellent…
Development of European Arms and Armor
Educational charts of arms and armor, prepared by Bashford Dean, ill. by S.J. Rowland and Hashime Murayama. European armor, helmets, breastplates, gauntlets, shields, swords, pole arms, spurs, crossbows and bows and guns - the development of their…
Medieval Shields
Before the firearms widely spread on the battlefields and revolutionized the world of warfare, the shields made from various materials such as wood or wicker (sometimes iron) had been serving well to their owners for long centuries. The combatants…
Medieval tournaments arms
The Middle Ages could be really harsh sometimes. People experienced plenty of cruel war conflicts, crop failures resulting in sinister famines or epidemics of deadly diseases such as the infamous “Black Death”. However, times like these did not stop…
How to determine a helmet size correctly
Please read the following information before you choose a size for an historic helmet. It is always unpleasant for both parties when the selected size does not fit on the first try and the helmet replica must be returned. This is especially true for…
Hussite weapons
Jan Hus (John Huss) was a priest and master of philosophy from Prague University who was inspired by an English reformist John Wycliffe. Hus criticized the Catholic Church generally for abusing its power. In 1415 the Council of Constance decided to…
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